Martin John Evans



FY9/Sun opposition


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia


>>Sir Martin John Evans FRS (born 1 January 1941) is a British scientist, credited with discovering how to culture embryonic stem cells in 1981, and for his work in the development of the knockout mouse and the related technology of gene targeting. In 2007, he was a co-winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in recognition of his gene targeting work.


Early life
Evans was born in Stroud, Gloucestershire, England on 1 January 1941. His mother was a teacher. His father maintained a mechanical workshop and taught Evans to use the tools and machines there, including a lathe. Evans was close to his grandfather who was a choir master at a Baptist Church for over 40 years, and whose main interests were music, poetry and the Baptist Church. His mother's brother was a professor of astronomy at the University of Cambridge. As a boy Evans was quiet, shy and inquisitive. He liked science and his parents encouraged his education. He was brought up in Orpington and he went to St Dunstan's College, an independent school for boys in South East London, where he worked hard studying for the University of Cambridge entrance exams. At school he was one of the best pupils, although not at the top of the class.

Career
Evans was a student at Christ's College, University of Cambridge, at a time when there were many advances in genetics. He went to seminars by Sydney Brenner and attended lectures given by Jacques Monod. He graduated from Christ's College, University of Cambridge in 1963, although he did not take his final examinations because he was ill with glandular fever at that time. He moved to University College London where he was awarded a PhD in 1969. He became a lecturer in the Anatomy and Embryology department at University College London, where did research work, and taught PhD students and undergraduate students. In 1978 he moved to the Department of Genetics, at the University of Cambridge, where his work in association with Matthew Kaufman began in 1980. In October 1985 he visited the Whitehead Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts for one month of bench work to learn new techniques. In 1990s, he was a fellow at St Edmund's College, University of Cambridge. In 1999 he became Professor of Mammalian Genetics and Director of the School of Biosciences at Cardiff University, where he worked until he retired at the end of 2007.

Stem cell research
In 1981, Evans and Kaufman published results for experiments in which they isolated embryonic stem cells from mouse blastocysts and grew them in cell culture. This was also achieved by Gail R. Martin, independently, in the same year. The availability of these cultured stem cells eventually made possible the introduction of specific gene alterations into the germ line of mice and the creation of transgenic mice.
Evans and his collaborators showed that they could introduce a new gene into cultured embryonic stem cells and then use such genetically transformed cells to make chimeric embryos. In some chimeric embryos, the genetically altered stem cells produced gametes, thus allowing transmission of the artificially induced mutation into future generations of mice. Transgenic mice with induced mutations in the enzyme Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) were created. The HPRT mutations were produced by retroviral insertion, but it was proposed that by taking advantage of genetic recombination between the normal HPRT gene and an artificial gene sequenced added to the cultured embryonic stem cells, "it may also eventually be possible to produce specific alterations in endogenous genes through homologous recombination with cloned copies modified in vitro". The production of transgenic mice using this proposed approach was accomplished in the laboratories of Oliver Smithies, and also of Mario Capecchi.

Awards and recognition
11 March 1993 - Fellow of the Royal Society.
1998 - Founder Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences.
3 May 1999 - The USA charity March of Dimes awarded their annual prize in Developmental Biology for research into embryonic growth jointly to Professor Richard Gardner of Oxford University and Evans.
21 September 2001 - Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research, jointly with Mario Capecchi and Oliver Smithies.
2002 - Honorary doctorate from Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA.
1 January 2004 - Knighthood (Queen’s New Years Honours) for his services to medical science.
19 July 2005 - Honorary doctorate from the University of Bath, England.
8 October 2007 - Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, jointly with Mario Capecchi and Oliver Smithies.

Personal life
When Evans was a student in Cambridge he met his wife, Judith, at a lunch held by his aunt, wife of an astronomy professor. Later, after they were engaged, their relationship was not going well and Judith went to Canada; however, a year later she returned to England and they got married.  In 1978 they moved from London to Cambridge with young children, and they lived in Cambridge for more than 20 years before moving the Cardiff. They have one daughter and two sons. Their older son was a student at the University of Cambridge and their younger son was a boarding pupil at the Christ Church Cathedral School in Oxford and sung in the Christ Church Cathedral choir.<<


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Evans

_____________________________

Assuming noon in Stroud (Lat51n45 - Lon2w12), 11:00 UT

Using RIYAL 3.1

Astrological Setting (Tropical - Placidus)




RIYAL  Wed January 1 1941  UT 11h00m00s  Lat51n45  Lon2w12   SORT ALL      
       Planet       Longit.      Latit.    Declin.  Const.
      Typhon   =  0Ar04      0n25    0n25       Psc     
      RD215    =  0Cp16     22n34    0s53   Ser     
      Thereus  =  0Ge18 r   13s59    6n32   Tau     
      Nessus   =  0Ta18 r    0n20   11n54     Ari     
      BU48     =  0Aq34      2n40   17s26     Cap    
      XX143    =  0Vi45 r    5n01   15n53     Leo     
      KX14     =  0Vi55 r    0s17   10n53      Leo    
      RL43     =  1Li34      3n47    2n51       Vir     
      CC22     =  1Ta37 r    6s00    6n25      Cet      
      XR190    =  1Ta48 r   33n42   43n07   And     
      Apogee   =  2Ta05 r    2s15   10n05   Psc                                 
      VR130    =  2Sc10      1n43   10s37   Vir     
      WN188    =  2Ar30     24s14   21s09   Cet     
      UJ438    =  2Li41      3s50    4s35       Vir     
      FP185    =  3Ca01 r   31s10    7s45   Mon    
      RG33     =  3Ta02 r   14n46   26n20    Psc      
      Okyrhoe  =  3Cp29     13n53    9s31   Ser     
      RP120    =  3Sc39      9s27   21s36    Vir     
      Pluto    =  3Le41 r    4n15   23n28      Cnc     
      RM43     =  3Aq45     19s16   37s57   Mic    
      Eris     =  3Ar56     26s07   22s18       Cet    
      OM67     =  4Sa23     22s51   43s23   Nor     
      Mercury  =  4Cp48      1s18   24s39   Sgr     
      VU2      =  5Cp05      5n18   18s03      Sgr      
      Crantor  =  5Pi34      8s16   17s08      Aqr    
      Jupiter  =  5Ta41      1s10   12n19     Ari    
      Node     =  5Li42 r    0n00    2s16        Vir                                 
      Echeclus =  6Sa00      3n43   17s39   Sco    
      WL7      =  6Li24      0n03    2s30        Vir     
      FZ173    =  6Ca35 r   12n52   36n08   Aur    
      MW12     =  6Li49      0n58    1s49      Vir     
      RZ215    =  7Sc19     21s18   33s55   Cen    
      Ixion    =  7Li26     17n48   13n23       Vir    
      QD112    =  7Ge47 r   14n00   35n24   Per    
      Saturn   =  7Ta57 r    2s28   11n50      Ari       
      TX300    =  8Cp12     18s38   41s47   CrA     
      OP32     =  8Sc17     16n08    1n02     Vir     
      Ceto     =  8Ar21      7s18    3s24        Cet   
      TD10     =  8Sc30      3n16   11s15     Lib    
      TL66     =  9Aq15     23n37    4n53    Del     
      YQ179    =  9Ta17 r   19s44    4s09     Eri    
      CE10     =  9Le33 r   19n37   36n39    Lyn     
      Teharonhi= 10Sa02      2s03   23s59   Oph    
      Logos    = 10Ge09 r    2s36   19n24    Tau    
      CO1      = 10Pi30     19s19   25s24     Scl     
      Sun     = 10Cp40      0n00   23s01     Sgr           
      AZ84     = 10Ta40 r    6n50   21n30     Ari     
      FY9      = 10Ca59 r   12n10   35n07   Gem    
      Orcus   = 11Ge14 r    5n57   28n02   Tau     
      VQ94     = 11Ar40     46s02   37s12    For     
      Radamantu= 11Ge44 r   11n44   33n49   Per   
      Amycus   = 12Ar01     11n29   15n18   Psc     
      PJ30     = 12Vi05 r    4s11    3n10       Sex     
      TC302    = 12Pi16     24s03   28s59   Scl    
      Asbolus  = 12Ge35 r   17n10   39n18   Per     
      VS2      = 12Aq36      2n56   14s12     Aqr    
      Huya     = 13Ca02 r   14s27    8n25     Mon    
      96PW     = 13Vi06 r   10n22   16n12   Leo     
      EL61    = 13Le30 r    6n20   22n50     Cnc     
      (Ascend)   = 14Pi28      0n00    6s07   Aqr                                 
      Venus    = 14Sa29      1n03   21s30   Oph       
      PA44     = 14Le43 r    3s22   13n12    Cnc     
      PN34     = 15Le10 r    4s49   11n41    Cnc     
      UX25     = 15Aq34     17n47    0n51   Aqr    
      Chaos    = 16Pi00     10s35   15s15   Aqr     
      CR105    = 16Ta25 r   22s43    5s05   Eri    
      Hylonome = 16Ar26      1s29    5n05   Psc    
      Deucalion= 16Le27 r    0n22   16n16   Cnc   
      AW197    = 16Ge31 r   16n25   39n05   Aur     
      Varuna   = 16Ar41     16s53    9s03    Cet     
      Pelion   = 16Ge43 r    7s22   15n27     Ori     
      Pholus   = 16Cp56      5n04   17s20     Sgr    
      SB60     = 17Sa17      9s27   32s14     Sco     
      CO104    = 17Aq27      1s40   17s11   Cap     
      BL41     = 17Le28 r    7s37    8n20      Cnc     
      QB1      = 17Cp45      2s01   24s16     Sgr    
      TO66     = 17Cp53     24s49   46s47   Tel    
      GV9      = 18Ca12 r   14s22    7n58     CMi    
      SQ73     = 18Ge36 r   16n37   39n30   Aur     
      QB243    = 18Ca52 r    4n32   26n36   Gem    
      Cyllarus = 19Li09      7n03    0s58       Vir     
      Sedna    = 19Ar41 r   10s01    1s35   Cet   
      OX3      = 20Sc32      1s54   19s43     Lib   
      XA255    = 20Ar46 r   12s40    3s38   Cet     
      UR163    = 20Cp59      0s07   21s56   Sgr    
      CF119    = 21Ta15 r   18n52   36n10   Per     
      RZ214    = 21Sa16     15n02    8s09   Oph    
      LE31     = 21Ge16 r   14s39    8n32    Ori     
      Pylenor  = 21Ge19 r    4s41   18n29    Tau     
      KF77     = 21Ge34 r    4n10   27n20    Tau   
      PB112    = 21Sa57     15s10   38s20   Sco     
      CY118    = 22Ge09 r   25s37    2s22    Ori     
      MS4      = 22Li10      4s30   12s48       Vir     
      Uranus   = 22Ta30 r    0s16   18n09   Ari     
      GM137    = 22Aq33     12s10   25s27   PsA     
      (Midheav)  = 24Sa02      0n00   23s19   Oph                                 
      Vertex   = 24Vi44                                                         
      (Moon)     = 24Aq58      3n17   10s06   Cap      
      DA62     = 24Sc58     15s08   33s39     Lup      
      Elatus   = 25Sc00      3n04   16s02       Lib    
      DH5      = 25Cp08     14n36    6s44      Aql    
      RR43     = 25Cp22     15s08   35s55   Sgr    
      RN43     = 25Sc24     14n23    5s07     Lib     
      GQ21     = 25Ca57 r   13s18    7n53   CMi     
      FZ53     = 25Aq57     28n57   14n25    Peg     
      GZ32     = 26Ar24 r   14s52    3s42     Cet     
      Quaoar   = 26Vi52 r    1s44    0s21     Vir    
      GB32     = 26Ca56 r   12s28    8n32    CMi     
      XZ255    = 27Ca09 r    1n45   22n27    Cnc     
      OO67     = 27Sc21     19n47    0s16     Ser    
      Neptune  = 27Vi42 r    1n16    2n04     Vir    
      Mars    = 27Sc44      0n23   19s17      Lib    
      TY364    = 28Cp02      9n19   11s26    Aql     
      Bienor   = 28Pi07      8n41    7n13       Psc     
      HB57     = 28Ca25 r   15s26    5n20   CMi    
      QF6      = 29Sc08     22n45    2n17     Ser     
      CZ118    = 29Ca33 r   20n40   40n22   Lyn    
      Chiron   = 29Ca40 r    7s36   12n47    Cnc    
      SA278    = 29Aq59      5n23    6s26    Aqr     
      Chariklo = 29Vi59     20s01   18s18    Crt     
______________________


Focused Minor Planets


FY9        =  10 Ca 59 r
(Genius)
Sun      =  10 Cp 40

TC302   =  12 Pi 16        Trine

Amycus =  12 Ar 01        Square

Logos    =  10 Ge 09 r    Semisextile
Orcus  =   11 Ge 14 r
(Endeavors Aimed Towards the Boundary of the Achievable)
Rhadamanthus = 11 Ge 44 r

Trying Midpoints:

Mercury/Pholus  = 10Cp52
Mercury/Chaos  = 10Aq24
Venus/Ixion  = 10Sc58
Venus/Node = 10Sc06
Pluto/Hylonome = 10Ge03
Pluto/Varuna = 10Ge11
___________________


Eris      =    3 Ar 56
(To obstacle the Alien - Rejection)
Node    =    5 Li 42 r  

Mercury  =  4 Cp 48      T Square
FP185  =   3 Ca 01 r

Pluto    =   3 Le 41 r       Grand Trine
OM67   =   4 Sa 23

RM43   =    3 Aq 45        Sextile  
Midpoints:

Chiron/Ixion = 3Vi33
Chaos/Ixion = 3Li43
___________________


EL61   =   13 Le 30 r  
VS2      =   12 Aq 36

Venus  =   14 Sa 29       Grand Trine
Amycus =  12 Ar 01

Neptune  = 27 Vi 42 r   Semisquare

Asbolus =  12 Ge 35 r    Sextile

Huya      =  13 Ca 02 r    Semisextile

Midpoints:

Mercury/Uranus  = 13Vi39
Sun/Chaos = 13Aq20
Venus/Asbolus = 13Vi32
Venus/Rad = 13Vi07
Ixion/Sedna = 13Ca33
___________________


UX25      =   15 Aq 34
(To Confound all the Laws of Man and Nature At Once)
Deucalion = 16 Le 27 r

Venus    =   14 Sa 29    Sextile
Varuna   =   16 Ar 41  
Hylonome = 16 Ar 26

CR105    =   16 Ta 25 r   Square
(Adventure)

AW197    =   16 Ge 31 r  Trine
(Complex Assemblages/Structures)

Chaos    =   16 Pi 00      Semisextile


Midpoints:

Saturn/Uranus = 15Ta14
Mercury/Quaoar = 15Sc50
Venus/Hylonome = 15Le28
Venus/Varuna = 15Le35
___________________


OO67     =   27 Sc 21
(Milestones)
Mars     =   27 Sc 44
RN43     =   25 Sc 24

Neptune  = 27 Vi 42 r    Sextile
Quaoar  =  26 Vi 52 r
(Towards revolutionary changes)
TY364    =  28 Cp 02
(Attempting the Impossible - Champion of a Difficult Cause)       
RR43      =  25 Cp 22

GB32      =  26 Ca 56 r    Trine
GQ21      =  25 Ca 57 r

Midpoints:

Sun/Venus = 27Sa25
Venus/Saturn = 26Le13
Mars/Neptune = 27Li43
Mercury/Sedna = 27Le14
Jupiter/Sedna = 27Ar41
Saturn/Hylonome = 27Ar12
Saturn/Varuna = 27Ar19
Neptune/Quaoar = 27Vi17
___________________


OM67      =   4 Sa 23
Echeclus =   6 Sa 00

Pluto      =    3 Le 41 r    Trine

Jupiter   =    5 Ta 41      Quincunx

Node       =    5 Li 42 r     Sextile

Mercury =    4 Cp 48     Semisextile

Midpoints:

Mars/Orcus = 4Vi29
Uranus/Hylonome = 4Ta28
Uranus/Varuna = 4Ta36
Neptune/Orcus =  4Le28
Pluto/Node = 4Vi41
Quaoar/Orcus = 4Le03
Eris/Node = 4Ca49
___________________


Ixion     =   7 Li 26
(With firm goals)  

Saturn  =   7 Ta 57 r     Quincunx

TX300   =   8 Cp 12      Square

OP32     =   8 Sc 17      Semisextile
(Striking a blow for progress)

TL66      =   9 Aq 15     Trine

Midpoints:

Sun/Mercury = 7Cp44
Mars/Hylonome = 7Le05
Mars/Varuna = 7Le13
Neptune/Hylonome = 7Ca04
Neptune/Varuna = 7Ca11
Pluto/Orcus = 7Ca27
___________________


CF119    =  21 Ta 15 r
Uranus  =  22 Ta 30 r

PB112    =  21 Sa 57     Quincunx

Pylenor   =  21 Ge 19 r   Semisextile

Midpoints:

Mercury/Ixion = 21Sc07
Mars/Chaos = 21Cp52
Jupiter/Ixion = 21Ca33
Saturn/Node = 21Ca50
Neptune/Chaos = 21Sa51
Chaos/Quaoar = 21Sa26
____________________________
____________________________

Astrological Setting (Sidereal - Fagan/Bradley)

RIYAL  Wed January 1 1941  UT 11h00m00s  Lat51n45  Lon2w12   SORT ALL      
       Planet         Longit.
      (Midheav)  =  0Sa07                                  
      Vertex   =  0Vi49                                                         
      (Moon)     =  1Aq03               
      DA62     =  1Sc03     
      Elatus   =  1Sc05     
      DH5      =  1Cp13    
      RR43     =  1Cp27    
      RN43     =  1Sc29   
      GQ21     =  2Ca02 r   
      FZ53     =  2Aq02     
      GZ32     =  2Ar29 r   
      Quaoar  =  2Vi57 r    
      GB32     =  3Ca01 r   
      XZ255    =  3Ca14 r   
      OO67    =  3Sc26     
      Neptune  =  3Vi47 r          
      Mars     =  3Sc49                 
      TY364    =  4Cp07     
      Bienor   =  4Pi12     
      HB57     =  4Ca30 r   
      QF6      =  5Sc13     
      CZ118    =  5Ca38 r  
      Chiron   =  5Ca45 r    
      SA278    =  6Aq04      
      Chariklo =  6Vi04     
      Typhon   =  6Pi09      
      RD215    =  6Sa20   
      Thereus  =  6Ta23 r   
      Nessus   =  6Ar23 r    
      BU48     =  6Cp39     
      XX143    =  6Le50 r    
      KX14     =  7Le00 r   
      RL43     =  7Vi39      
      CC22     =  7Ar42 r   
      XR190    =  7Ar53 r  
      Apogee   =  8Ar10 r                          
      VR130    =  8Li15      
      WN188    =  8Pi35     
      UJ438    =  8Vi46      
      FP185    =  9Ge06 r  
      RG33     =  9Ar07 r   
      Okyrhoe  =  9Sa34      
      RP120    =  9Li44     
      Pluto    =  9Ca46 r    
      RM43     =  9Cp50     
      Eris     = 10Pi01     
      OM67     = 10Sc28     
      Mercury  = 10Sa53       
      VU2      = 11Sa10      
      Crantor  = 11Aq39     
      Jupiter  = 11Ar46       
      Node     = 11Vi47 r                         
      Echeclus = 12Sc05      
      WL7      = 12Vi29      
      FZ173    = 12Ge40 r  
      MW12     = 12Vi54    
      RZ215    = 13Li24    
      Ixion    = 13Vi31     
      QD112    = 13Ta52 r   
      Saturn   = 14Ar02 r               
      TX300    = 14Sa17     
      OP32     = 14Li22     
      Ceto     = 14Pi26     
      TD10     = 14Li35      
      TL66     = 15Cp20     
      YQ179    = 15Ar22 r   
      CE10     = 15Ca38 r   
      Teharonhi= 16Sc07      
      Logos    = 16Ta14 r    
      CO1      = 16Aq35     
      Sun      = 16Sa45            
      AZ84     = 16Ar45 r   
      FY9     = 17Ge04 r   
      Orcus    = 17Ta19 r    
      VQ94     = 17Pi45    
      Radamantu= 17Ta49 r   
      Amycus   = 18Pi06     
      PJ30     = 18Le10 r   
      TC302    = 18Aq21    
      Asbolus  = 18Ta40 r    
      VS2      = 18Cp41      
      Huya     = 19Ge07 r   
      96PW     = 19Le11 r   
      EL61     = 19Ca35 r    
      (Ascend)   = 20Aq33                                     
      Venus    = 20Sc34            
      PA44     = 20Ca48 r    
      PN34     = 21Ca15 r    
      UX25     = 21Cp39     
      Chaos    = 22Aq05     
      CR105    = 22Ar30 r
      Hylonome = 22Pi31      
      Deucalion= 22Ca32 r    
      AW197    = 22Ta36 r   
      Varuna   = 22Pi46     
      Pelion   = 22Ta48 r    
      Pholus   = 23Sa01     
      SB60     = 23Sc22     
      CO104    = 23Cp32      
      BL41     = 23Ca33 r    
      QB1      = 23Sa50     
      TO66     = 23Sa58     
      GV9      = 24Ge17 r   
      SQ73     = 24Ta41 r  
      QB243    = 24Ge57 r    
      Cyllarus = 25Vi14      
      Sedna    = 25Pi46 r   
      OX3      = 26Li37      
      XA255    = 26Pi51 r   
      UR163    = 27Sa04      
      CF119    = 27Ar20 r   
      RZ214    = 27Sc21     
      LE31     = 27Ta21 r   
      Pylenor  = 27Ta24 r    
      KF77     = 27Ta39 r    
      PB112    = 28Sc02     
      CY118    = 28Ta14 r   
      MS4      = 28Vi15      
      Uranus   = 28Ar35 r          
      GM137    = 28Cp38
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Focused Minor Planets                                                                                

FY9        =   17 Ge 04 r
Sun      =   16 Sa 45

TC302   =   18 Aq 21       Trine

Amycus =   18 Pi 06        Square

Logos    =   16 Ta 14 r     Semisextile
Orcus  =    17 Ta 19 r
Rhadamanthus = 17 Ta 49 r
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Eris     =   10 Pi 01
Node   =   11 Vi 47 r

Mercury  = 10 Sa 53       T Square
FP185  =   9 Ge 06 r

Pluto    =   9 Ca 46 r        Grand Trine
OM67   = 10 Sc 28

RM43   =   9 Cp 50           Sextile
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EL61  =    19 Ca 35 r
VS2     =    18 Cp 41  

Venus =    20 Sc 34         Grand Trine
Amycus =  18 Pi 06

Neptune  =  3 Vi 47 r      Semisquare

Asbolus =  18 Ta 40 r       Sextile

Huya      =   19 Ge 07 r     Semisextile
__________________


UX25     =    21 Cp 39
Deucalion = 22 Ca 32 r

Venus   =    20 Sc 34       Sextile
Varuna  =    22 Pi 46
Hylonome = 22 Pi 31

AW197  =    22 Ta 36 r      Trine

Chaos   =    22 Aq 05      Semisextile

CR105   =    22 Ar 30 r     Square
__________________


OO67     =  3 Sc 26
Mars     =  3 Sc 49
RN43     =  1 Sc 29   

Neptune  =  3 Vi 47 r      Sextile
Quaoar  =  2 Vi 57 r
TY364    =  4 Cp 07
RR43      =  1 Cp 27

GB32      =  3 Ca 01 r       Trine
GQ21      =  2 Ca 02 r
__________________


OM67     =  10 Sc 28   
Echeclus =  12 Sc 05

Pluto     =    9 Ca 46 r      Trine

Jupiter  =  11 Ar 46         Quincunx

Node      =  11 Vi 47 r       Sextile

Mercury  = 10 Sa 53       Semisextile
__________________


Ixion     =   13Vi 31

Saturn  =  14 Ar 02 r       Quincunx

TX300   =  14 Sa 17        Square

OP32     = 14 Li 22          Semisextile

TL66      = 15 Cp 20        Trine
__________________


CF119    =  27 Ar 20 r
Uranus  =  28 Ar 35 r

PB112    =  28 Sc 02       Quincunx

Pylenor   =  27 Ta 24 r      Semisextile
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Tentatively, additional keywords for 2003 EL61:

- Return to the beginning

- Ethical and Legal Dilemma
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Posted to Centaurs (YahooGroups) on June 09, 2008

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